Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD) is a bioactive compound with promising anti-inflammatory results but has low aqueous solubility. Complexation of drugs with this characteristic in carriers is an alternative to improve their efficiency. This study aimed to prepare and characterize CBD complexes in different carriers, and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of such preparations using an experimental model of edema induction in rat paws. The results were compared to a reference drug, ibuprofen (IBU). The carriers evaluated were beta cyclodextrin (bCD) and activated charcoal (AC). Quantification of the drugs in the complexes was determined, and different qualitative analyses were also performed. Oral treatments in single doses with CBD showed inhibitory effects similar to that of IBU, potentiating its bioactivity without significant adverse effects. CBD*bCD doses at 4.375, 8.75, 17.5, and 35 mg/kg significantly reduced the intensity of edema compared to equivalent doses of pure bioactive. In contrast, CBD*AC did not generate benefits. There was no significant inhibitory effect on myeloperoxidase activity, requiring more specific analyses to assess this parameter. The results suggest that the CBD*bCD complexation is perfectly feasible, increasing its anti-edematogenic efficacy in the experimental model used.

Dentre os resíduos industriais, um dos mais preocupantes é o do setor têxtil, por apresentar forte coloração e toxicidade. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar o comportamento de degradação e mineralização de efluentes têxteis reais através de processos oxidativos avançados utilizando TiO2 ou associação de TiO2/H2O2, e monitorar a toxicidade dos produtos formados em relação ao efluente bruto durante 6 h de irradiação. Os resultados demonstraram que a associação TiO2/H2O2 é mais eficiente na mineralização destes resíduos alcançando taxas representativas de redução de matéria orgânica (representada pela coloração, DQO e COT) e, ainda, altas concentrações de íons mineralizados (NH4+, NO3" e SO4(2")). Em relação à toxicidade apresentada pelos produtos formados durante a degradação perante as sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa) os dados sugerem que não foi apresentada toxicidade considerável, uma vez que não houve redução significativa da porcentagem de germinação nem influência na porcentagem de crescimento das raízes e radículas, contudo, a associação TiO2/H2O2 apresenta maior toxicidade nas primeiras horas de irradiação e posterior redução da mesma ao final de seis horas, enquanto que o TiO2 somente aumenta um pouco sua toxicidade no final dos experimentos. Porém, comparados ao efluente bruto, ambos apresentaram redução de toxicidade, ou seja, os produtos fotogerados apresentam-se menos tóxicos que o efluente inicial.

Textile industry wastes raise a great concern due to their strong coloration and toxicity. The objective of the present work was to characterize the degradation and mineralization of textile effluents by advanced oxidative processes using either TiO2 or TiO2/H2O2 association and to monitor the toxicity of the products formed during 6 h irradiation in relation to that of the in natura effluent. The results obtained demonstrated that the TiO2/H2O2 association was more efficient in the mineralization of textile effluents than TiO2 alone, with high mineralized ion concentrations (NH4+, NO3-, and SO4(2-)) and significant organic matter reduction rates (represented by the COD and TOC). The toxicity of the degradation products to lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa) was not significant, since percent germination was not significantly affected and neither was root and sprout percent growth. However, while the TiO2/H2O2 association was more toxic in the first hours of irradiation and less so in the end of the 6 h irradiation, the toxicity of TiO2 increased only slightly in the end of the experiments. Comparatively, the photogenerated products of both the TiO2 and the TiO2/H2O2 association were less toxic than the in natura effluent.

Copper, aluminum and iron concentrations were determined in four geochemical fractions of three different basaltic soils from the northwest region of the Parana State, Brazil. The fractions examined were the reducible manganese dioxide and amorphous iron oxide, crystaline iron oxide, organic and residual. Metal concentrations were determined in the extracts by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. High Fe concentrations were extracted from the crystalline iron oxide (>20%), as well as the amorphous iron oxide (>12%). Copper was extracted from the amorphous and crystalline iron oxides in the range 5 to 12%, but low concentrations were bound to organic matter. Low concentrations of aluminum were extracted (<8%) from the amorphous and crystaline iron oxides, and organic matter. High concentrations of aluminum were found in the residual fraction.